Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Murdered his father, and starved his half-brothers to death. Rajatarangini can be a metric splendid and verifiable account of the north-western Indian subcontinent, mainly the lords of Kashmir. Younger brother of Chandrapida and Tarapida. Eleven works of former scholars containing the chronicles of the kings, I have inspected, as well as the [Purana containing the] opinions of the sage Nila. [citation needed]. Died young. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Called "the blind" because of his small eyes. It describes almost two centuries of the old and early middle age history of the Valley. There are several discrepancies between the Ashoka mentioned in Kalhana's account and the Mauryan emperor Ashoka. Rajatarangini/Original languages [13], Shah Mir arrived in Kashmir in 1313 along with his family, during the reign of Suhadeva (13011320), whose service he entered. Son of Lalitaditya and Kamaladevi. Running into almost 8000 stanzas that are inconsistently disseminated among eight books or areas, the. 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After this battle, the regions of Ladakh and Baltistan which were under the rule of Kashgar came under the rule of Shah Miris.Sultan also marched towards Delhi and the army of Feroz Shah Tughlaq opposed him at the banks of River Satluj. He wrote the work in Sanskrit between 1148 and 1149. was Abul Fazl translated the Panch Tantra (Anwar-i-Sahili) and Faizi the story of NalDamayanti into Persian. Another television serial based on this work has been completed by National Award winning director, Jyoti Sarup. The result is an exposure to the ineffable delights of Sanskritised Malayalam, an edifying experience in itself. Verse 11. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The version was entitled Behr-ul-Asmar, (or the sea of tales). Kalhana says that Samdhimat Aryaraja used to spend the most delightful Kashmir summer in worshiping a lingam formed of snow/ice in the regions above the forests (II.138). issues of East, South, and Southeast Asia, as well as a large book review Rajatarangini, which Mulla Abd al-Qadir Badauni translated into Persian at Akbars [4] It has also been suggested that he belonged to a family which accompanied the sage Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, and who were associated to either the Kubrawiya Sufi groups in Kashmir. For instance, Marcus Aurel Stein (1900) thought the way of talking and instructional pieces of the Rajatarangini that were in kvya style was essentially detached with the story legitimate, which was recorded, while Buhler arraigned the retreat to legend and fantasy as delivering the sequence of a huge piece of the message worthless and its creator suspect. The list of kings goes back to the 19th century BCE. The Mahabharata and Kalhana's Rajatarangini were translated into Persian by his order. The Rajatarangini is an epic poem (mahakavya) in Sanskrit running into nearly 8000 verses that are spread over eight books or sections. A view of Ziyarat Naqshband Sahab from its yard. Jizya was abolished too in his command. Uchchala's step-brother; became the king after Radda's death. Comments have to be in English, and in full sentences. Built a new city called Damodarasuda, and a dam called Guddasetu. Sandhimati was selected by the citizens as the new ruler. The work consists of 7826 verses, which are divided into eight books called Tarangas (waves). is a record of the illustrious administrations that administered the realm of Kashmir from its putative starting points to the writers own time. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Sanskrit works on medicine and music were also translated into Persian at his instance.
Deposed his half-brother to become the king, but died after a week. [21] Even where the kings mentioned in the first three books are historically attested, Kalhana's account suffers from chronological errors. Rajatarangini ("The River of Kings") is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western part of India, particularly the kings of Kashmir. Like the Shahnameh is to Persia, the Rajatarangini is to Kashmir. Traces of genuine history are also found, however, in references to the Mauryan emperors Ashoka and Jalauka; the Buddhist Kushan kings Hushka (Huviska), Jushka (Vajheska), and Kanishka (Kaniska); and Mihirakula, a Huna king. Report Error
Sanskrit He was the ruler of Kashmir and the founder of the Shah Mir dynasty. In his old age, the childless king ordered killing of Sandhimati to prevent any chance of him becoming a king.
Like other translations of the work, it is in prose. that the material was genuinely picky. Hari Parbat is visible in the background. It covers the whole range of history in the Kashmir district from the earliest times to the date of its synthesis. Kavya as a genre has had a prominent place in traditional Malayalam poetics, so the austere aesthetics of Kalhanas work will strike a chord with readers, particularly those with a yen for that stimulating mixture of Sanskrit and Malayalam of yore, termed Manipravala. After ruling indirectly and directly, Didda (9801003 CE) placed Samgrmarja, son of her brother on the throne, starting the Lohara dynasty. Despite these stated principles, and despite the value that historians have placed on Kalhana's work, there is little evidence of authenticity and a few inconsistencies in the earlier chapters of his book, especially the first three books. The Tusharas did not give a fight but fled to the mountain ranges leaving their horses in the battle field. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. 0 0 Similar questions During his reign, the Mlechchhas (possibly, According to historical evidence, Mihirakula's predecessor was. Wife of Damodara. The book closes with the establishment of the Karkota Naga dynasty by Durlabhaka Pratapaditya II, and it is from Book IV on that Rajatarangini takes on the character of a dependable historical narrative. In the early years of his reign, the actual power was held by Sussala. Examples translated by humans: MyMemory, World's Largest Translation Memory. In those authorities, Abul Fazl interpreted Ramayana into Persian. Zain-ul-Abidin worked hard to establish a fair rule in Kashmir. This too appears to be a reference to the ice lingam at Amarnath. In 1574 Akbar started a Maktab Khana or a house of translation works in Fatehpur Sikri.
PDF Translating the Past: Rethinking 'Rajatarangini' Narratives in - JSTOR This king is identified by some with Huna ruler Toramana, although his successor Mihirakula is placed much earlier by Kalhana.[12]. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. Mahabharata, Ramayana, Atharva Veda, Lilawati, Rajatarangini translated into Persian. He endorsed the work to a few officials to make translations of the Sanskrit books Rajatarangini, Ramayana and Mahabharata into the Persian language. He established a university in Naushehra and a Darul Tarjuma. Compared to translations in other languages, Raman Menons craft is remarkable for its lucidity and elegance.
Sanskrit Literature in the Medieval India However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. The actual power was in hands of Jayadevi's brothers Padma, Utpalaka, Kalyana, Mamma and Dharmma. The work consists of 7826 verses, which are divided into eight books called Tarangas (waves). [3] The work consists of 7826 verses, which are divided between eight books called tarangas ("waves"). These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. He was known by his subjects as Bod Shah or Budshah (lit. Son of Shankaravarman; ruled with help of his mother Sugandha; Murdered, Brother of Gopalavarman, died soon after ascending the throne. Zain-ul-Abidin is also called as Akbar of Kashmir and Shahjahan of Kashmir on account of religion and development respectively. Rajatarangini . . But oddly enough, no translation of the work into Malayalam had been attempted all this time until Raman Menon, a scholar and author of numerous books in Malayalam including an extensive commentary of In the first Taranga (book) of Rajatarangini, Kalhana expresses his dissatisfaction with the earlier historical books, and presents his own views on how history ought to be written:[4]. (Arjuna) of Mahabharata fame. For example, Kalhana has highly exaggerated the military conquests of Lalitaditya Muktapida.[18][19]. His son Jayendra was followed by Samdhimati-Aryaraja (34 BCE-17 CE) who had the soul of Jayendra's minister Sandhimati. [Studia Indologica Universitatis Halensis 7], SlajeWalter", "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Sultans of Kashmir", Baharistan-i-Shahi: A Chronicle of Mediaeval Kashmir, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shah_Mir_dynasty&oldid=1141211558, Tomb of the Mother of Zain-ul-Abidin in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 23:00. This article examines two translations of the textone Orientalist and the other nationalistwith the purpose of interrogating these categories, by drawing out the complex engagement between European and indigenous ideas, and the dialogue between past and present that informed their production. He showed shockingly progressed specialised mastery for the time in his anxiety for offbeat sources. Because of the rising Buddhist influence, people stopped following the Shaivite, Gonanda III founded a new dynasty. Kalhana describes the rules of Toramana and, After the Huna, Meghavahana of the Gonandiya family was brought back from. Neither in style nor in authenticity do these works approximate the quality of Kalhanas Rajatarangini. magnitude of the journals program within the Press is unique among American The Journal of Asian Studies Unreliable Sources - The chronicles include those of Tahir, Haidar Malik, Rafiu'd Din Ahmad and Muhammad A'azam. It was translated into Persian by the orders of the later Muslim ruler Zain-ul-Abidin. It has multiple dimensions, such as the aureole of antiquity, the grandeur of epic, the cachet of Sanskritic literary canons, the singular distinction as an ancient Indian historical chronicle and the uniqueness that it embodies as representation of a vital part of Indian selfhood. In later years of his reign, he started patronizing unwise persons, and the wise courtiers deserted him.