In this paper we will present simple evidence from 20 th century archeological findings that leads us to the conclusion that Moses wrote Genesis, as asserted by all the Fathers. In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. . Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. Of course, this question in itself can raise a number of disputes because people have not reached an agreement as to when Moses lived on earth. . Some scholars rearrange these letters as JEPD, based on the order they believe the sections were written. Surely translation errors must have seeped in. Around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time. John 12:3741 is an amazing window onto how Jesus viewed the Jewish Scriptures. Then Peter said to Jesus in reply, "Lord, it is good that we are here. Even though a great many scholars and much of the public have accepted this view, is it really true? And today, several variant views of documentary hypothesis exist, but perhaps the most popular is that of Julius Wellhausen proposed in 1895. And then explains it in terms of being personally taught by the Father. A number of objections have been raised by the proponents of the documentary hypothesis. . There are passages in Genesis that Moses could not have written, because they describe events that happened after his death, known as postmosaica passages. Instead of moving on to chapter 6, I thought we should pause once more in John 5 and focus on something that is massively important for John and the other New Testament writers, namely, the way they viewed the Old Testament Scriptures and how those Scriptures relate to Jesus, and what difference it makes for us. The Book of Jasher is nearly an exact account of what Moses wrote in Genesis, except with more details. In fact, Jesus insisted this has always been the truth behind the Torah. They assumed that the Bible is not a supernatural revelation from God and then manipulated the biblical text to arrive at that conclusion. During their captivity in Babylon, the Hebrews . But based on the evidence available, its fair to attribute its origins to Moses. But what about the first book of the Bible? If we know God as he really is in the Old Testament, we know Jesus. He was there. Nevertheless, further attacks on the Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch began taking hold in France through Jean Astruc, whose book Conjectures about the original memoirs which it appeared that Moses used in composing the Book of Genesis with certain remarks which help clarify these conjectures was published in 1753. But because we have extra-biblical support for the authorship of Genesis and because various authors throughout the Bible do attribute the Pentateuch to Moses, we can assume Moses wrote Genesis. Traditional approaches to this question acknowledge that Moses did not write the entirety of the Pentateuch when they point to a so-called postmosaica. Getting a story is about more than merely enjoying it. 41 I do not receive glory from people. In the following discussion, whatever we say about the Pentateuch pertains to the book of Genesis, though we will also on occasion refer specifically to the book of Genesis. And these references are just a sample of a number of other passages that could be cited (see also Exodus 24:12; 34:28; Deuteronomy 27:3, 8; 31:19). For some, orthodoxy simply suggests that Moses wrote the whole Pentateuch, perhaps with the exception of postmosaica passages such as Genesis 11:28 and 14:14 and amosaica passage such as Numbers 12:4. JESUS: THE GOD WHOM MOSES WROTE ABOUT. . John 3:32 says, "He bears witness to what he has seen and heard.". - American Standard Version (1901) Jesus had met Abraham in Genesis 12 and 15, and in Exodus 3:13-17. Genesis comprises narratives of historical events that occurred before Moses was born. We can answer this question in a number of ways. Consider the following: Exodus 17:14 "Then the Lord said to Moses, 'Write this on a scroll as something to be remembered and make sure that Joshua hears it . And studies of non-literate people groups have shown that they have much better memories for maintaining the accuracy of their oral traditions than people groups that rely primarily on written communication to learn and pass on information. In John 6:4445, Jesus teaches that no one comes to him unless the Father draws him. The Documentary Hypothesis: Moses, Genesis, and the JEDP? However, Dan in this context is not the region of Dan, that Israelite tribe's inheritance given when the Jews took the Promised Land, but a specific ancient town of Dan, north of the Sea of Galilee that was in existence long before the Israelites entered the land. Or Moses, or Mouses of Hebrew origin; Moseus, Moses, or Mouses, the Hebrew lawgiver. Evidence for Mosaic Authorship of the Torah. You may unsubscribe from these email communications at any time. How was Moses able to read pre-Tower of Babel texts? The letters stand for: Then around 400 BC some redactors (i.e., editors) supposedly combined these four independently written texts to form the Pentateuch as it was known in the time of Jesus and modern times. For other New Testament references see Mark 12:26; John 1:17, 5:46, 7:23. And there are others that would simply be awkward for Moses to write, which are referred to as amosaica (such as Numbers 12:4). It is therefore most unreasonable to think that the Genesis patriarchs would not record and pass on the history they had to the next generation. Answer (1 of 13): There is no doubt that early Jewish and Christian tradition, is virtually unanimous in ascribing Genesis through Deuteronomy to Moses. 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Then from chapter 13 to the end of the book, John pours it on to show that almost every detail of Jesus redeeming work was planned by God and witnessed in Scripture. .1. You sent to John, and he has borne witness to the truth. But again, even if "near Dan, for that is the name of the other spring of Jordan" was added by a later inspired editor, this would not mean that it was inaccurate to say the Moses wrote Genesis.21. Because of the strong oral tradition and duty of the Jewish people to preserve their roots, not much could have changed in the accounts throughout that time. Galatians 2:19 For I through the law am dead to the law, that I might live unto God. Then Jesus said to them, "You foolish people! So the real question is: did Moses write Genesis, or not? Jewish historian Josephus, just after the time of Christ, says: "When Abram heard of their calamity, he was at once afraid for Lot his kinsman, and pitied the Sodomites, his friends and neighbours; and thinking it proper to afford them assistance, he did not delay it, but marched hastily, and the fifth night attacked the Assyrians, near Dan, for that is the name of the other spring of Jordan; and before they could arm themselves, he slew some as they were in their beds, before they could suspect any harm; and others, who were not yet gone to sleep, but were so drunk they could not fight, ran away."20. This indicates that Scripture may not have been passed down solely via oral tradition. On the other extreme are those who say that Moses wrote none of the Pentateuch, but rather the Pentateuch was composed much later than the time the Bible purported that he lived (if, in the minds of some, he lived at all). Moses wrote Genesis after 1440 B.C." Promises in Genesis. 2 Thus, there exists abundant witness to the authorship of Moses. It will all be fulfilled. These divisions represent either oral tradition or written texts passed down by the Genesis patriarchs to their descendants,15 which Moses then used to put Genesis into its final form under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. Not necessarily. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning. In this post I will cite the texts where it is clearly stated that Jesus is the One whom Moses, as well as the rest of the prophets, spoke and wrote of. Genesis 12:3 And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed. . John 1:17; Acts 6:14; 13:39; 15:5; 1 Corinthians 9:9; 2 Corinthians 3:15; Hebrews 10:28. For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes. Moses wrote Genesis from conversations he had with God, so the author is technically God. "The Law and the Prophets were proclaimed until John; since that time the gospel of the kingdom of God has been preached, and everyone is forcing his way into it. In this case, the name associated with the toledoth is either the author or custodian of that section (see for example, Table 2 below). If You Believed Moses, You Would Believe Me, for He Wrote of Me, If You Believed Moses, You Would Believe Me, for He Wrote of Me (Excerpt), John Piper is founder and teacher of desiringGod.org and chancellor of Bethlehem College & Seminary. Look at John 5:39, You search the Scriptures, Jesus says, because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me. The word Scriptures here refers to the Jewish Scriptures, what we call the Old Testament, which is another word for Old Covenant. From pistis; to have faith, i.e. Matthew 16:21 indicates that Jesus knew . The internal evidence from Genesis is that it derives from oral traditions that predate Moses. John 7:21-22 - 21 Jesus answered and said to them, "I did one work, and you all marvel. Consider the following: Exodus 17:14Then the Lord said to Moses, Write this on a scroll as something to be remembered and make sure that Joshua hears it . . Genesis 3:15: Matthew 1:20 Galatians 4:4: 2: Messiah would be born in Bethlehem. 1. He saw him as his Son in heaven eternally (John 1:13), and he saw what his Son would be in history when he came. Credit; by implication, to entrust. So what does it mean when John calls the Old Testament Scriptures a witness to Jesus? Scholars disagree about whether each toledoth follows or precedes the text with which it is associated, though we are inclined to agree with those scholars who conclude the former. The biblical doctrine of the inspiration of Scripture does not require us to conclude that all the books of the Bible were written by God dictating to the human authors. Jesus said in Matthew 5:1718, Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them. Lets close by looking at three of these. Genesis 12:2-3 In light of the references to Moses writing in the Pentateuch and the New Testament citations of the Pentateuch that associate Moses with its composition, it seems reasonable to affirm that the origins of the Pentateuch are connected to this great biblical figure. 41:49 - What does Jesus mean, "Moses wrote of me". The introduction to the Old Testament in another Bible translation says that the J document was written by someone much later than Moses in the Southern Kingdom of Judah and the E document was written by someone in the Northern Kingdom of Israel.2 Let's evaluate the arguments put forth in defense of this hypothesis. ., Nehemiah 13:1On that day the Book of Moses was read aloud in the hearing of the people . Our English Bibles translate toledoth variously as "this is the account" or "these are the generations" of Adam, Noah, Shem, etc. From ekei; that one (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed. Astruc claimed that these name changes indicated different sources that Moses used. So we have indirect allusions, direct quotes to show specific fulfillments, and we have statements, like in chapter 12, that show the whole Old Testament revelation of God is a revelation of Jesus. For he wrote of me.--See the marginal references; but the thought is not to be confined to these passages. Furthermore, we have testimony from Jesus himself that Moses wrote these books. The editorial comment would in no way deny the Mosaic authorship of the book of Genesis. All of them. And note that, in this case, we're using the terms "letters" and "books" interchangeably.) But how do we know this? The first five books of the BibleGenesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomyare commonly referred to as the "five books of Moses.". Traditions attributes the Book of Genesis to Moses, but this is a view that few scholars would now support. St. First, Moses was qualified to write the books. . If you knew me, you would know my Father also. The fact that these adversaries do not know Jesusdo not perceive his deity or Messiahship or his role as the Suffering Servant (Isaiah 53) shows that they dont know God. The obituary in no way nullifies the claim that the author wrote the book.18. 500 BC). . Genesis is the first book of the Bible, and one of the five books of the Pentateuch. If you claim to honor God today but reject Jesus as the divine Son of God and crucified and risen Savior and Messiah, your claim is false, and you do not honor God. Surely Jesus, the "Word who became flesh," would not endorse or tolerate a belief about Moses' authorship if it were totally erroneous. And Jesus said to him, "See that you tell no one; but go your way, show yourself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, as a testimony to them." (see Leviticus 14:1-32) . Moses couldn't have written about his own death, which shows that he didn't write Deuteronomy. So we Christians dont reject the Old Testament just because we have the New Testament. . The Old Testament is a lesson book for the nations that keeps shedding light on the work of Christ. Take note of some the references back to Moses' work. So it is perfectly reasonable to think that Moses wrote Genesis from pre-existing, well-preserved oral tradition and/or written documents from the patriarchs. Many of his writings confirm the events in Genesis, writes Dr. Lisle for the Biblical Science Institute. Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, and led them up a high mountain by themselves. Abraham was promised by God that his seed would bless all nations. These two ways of dividing Genesis are not the same at all. Privacy Policy and
He knew that Genesis says Adam and Eve were created on the sixth day of creation. Every culture, no matter how "primitive" (by our arrogant Western standards), teaches history to their children (how accurate that history may be is a separate question). "You've heard it said, . Scripture was divinely inspired. For 33 years, he served as pastor of Bethlehem Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota. In the New Testament, Jesus and the Apostles make the same claim that Moses wrote the stories of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy (Matthew 19:8; Mark 12:26; Acts 3:22; Romans .